Dan Smith是一位美國的健身用品經銷商，此次是Robert Liu第一回與他交手。就在短短几分鐘的交談中，Robert Liu既感到這位大漢粗獷的外表，藏有狡兔的心思――他肯定是沙場老將，自己絕不可掉以輕心。雙方第一回過招如下：
D: I‘d like to get the ball rolling(開始)by talking about prices.
R: Shoot.(洗耳恭聽)I‘d be happy to answer any questions you may have.
D: Your products are very good. But I‘m a little worried about the prices you‘re asking.
R: You think we about be asking for more?(laughs)
D: (chuckles莞爾) That‘s not exactly what I had in mind. I know your research costs are high, but what I‘d like is a 25% discount.
R: That seems to be a little high, Mr. Smith. I don‘t know how we can make a profit with those numbers.
D: Please, Robert, call me Dan. (pause) Well, if we promise future business――volume sales(大筆交易)――that will slash your costs(大量減低成本)for making the Exec-U-ciser, right?
R: Yes, but it‘s hard to see how you can place such large orders. How could you turn over(銷磬)so many? (pause) We‘d need a guarantee of future business, not just a promise.
D: We said we wanted 1000 pieces over a six-month period. What if we place orders for twelve months, with a guarantee?
R: If you can guarantee that on paper, I think we can discuss this further.
Robert回公司呈報Dan的提案後，老闆很滿意對方的採購計劃;但在折扣方面則希望Robert能繼續維持強硬的態度，儘量探出對方的底線。就在這七上七八的價格翹翹板上，雙方是否能找到彼此地平衡點呢?請看下面分解:
R: Even with volume sales, our coats for the Exec-U-Ciser won‘t go down much.D: Just what are you proposing?
R: We could take a cut(降低)on the price. But 25% would slash our profit margin(毛利率) suggest a compromise――10%.
D: That‘s a big change from 25! 10 is beyond my negotiating limit. (pause) Any other ideas?
R: I don‘t think I can change it right now. Why don‘t we talk again tomorrow?
D: Sure. I must talk to my office anyway. I hope we can find some common ground(共同信念)on this.
NEXT DAY
D: Robert, I‘ve been instructed to reject the numbers you proposed; but we can try to come up with some thing else.
R: I hope so, Dan. My instructions are to negotiate hard on this deal――but I‘m try very hard to reach some middle ground(互相妥協).
D: I understand. We propose a structured deal(階段式和約). For the first six months, we get a discount of 20%, and the next six months we get 15%.
R: Dan, I can‘t bring those numbers back to my office――they‘ll turn it down flat(打回票).
D: Then you‘ll have to think of something better, Robert.
Dan上回提議前半年給他們二成折扣，後半年再降爲一成半，經Robert推翻後，Dan再三表示讓步有限。您知道Robert在這折扣縫隙中游走，如何才能摸出雙方都同意的數字呢?他從錦囊裏又掏出什麼妙計了呢?請看下面分解：
R: How about 15% the first six months, and the second six months at 12%, with a guarantee of 3000 units?
D: That's a lot to sell, with very low profit margins.R: It's about the best we can do, Dan. (pause) We need to hammer something out (敲定)today. If I go back empty-handed, I may be coming back to you soon to ask for a job. (smiles)
D: (smiles) O.K., 17% the first six months, 14% for the second?!
R: Good. Let's iron out(解決)the remaining details. When do you want to take delivery(取貨)?
D: We'd like you to execute the first order by the 31st.
R: Let me run through this again: the first shipment for 1500 units, to be delivered in 27 days, by the 31st.
D: Right. We couldn't handle much larger shipments.
R: Fine. But I'd prefer the first shipment to be 1000 units, the next 2000. The 31st is quite soon ---- I can't guarantee 1500.
D: I can agree to that. Well, if there's nothing else, I think we've settled everything.
R: Dan, this deal promises big returns(賺大錢)for both sides. Let's hope it's the beginning of a long and prosperous relationship.
今天Robert的辦公室出現了一個生面孔――Kevin Hughes，此人代表美國一家運動產品公司，專程來臺灣尋找加工。接洽的加工產品市運動型“磁質石膏護墊”，受傷的運動員包上這種產品上場比賽，即可保護受傷部位，且不妨礙活動。現在，我們就來看看兩人的會議現況：
R: We found your proposal quite interesting, Mr. Hughes. We'd like to weigh the pros and cons(衡量得失)with you.
K: Mr. Robert Liu, we've looked all over Asia for a manufacturer; your company is one of the most suitable.
R: If we can settle a number of basic questions, I'm confident in saying that we are the most suitable for your needs.
K: I hope so. And what might be the basic questions you have?
R: First, do you intend to take a position in(投資於……)our company?
K: No, we don't, Mr. Liu. This is just OEM.
R: I see. Then, the most important thing is the size of your orders. We'll have to invest a great deal of money in the new production process.
K: If you can guarantee continuing quality, we can sign a commitmentK: If you can guarantee continuing quality, we can sign a commitment for 75,000 pieces a year, for five years.
R: At U.S. $1000 a piece, we'll make an average return of just 4%. That's too great a financial burden for us.
K: I'll check the number later, but what do you propose?
R: Here's how you can demonstrate commitment to this deal. Make it ten years, increase the unit price, and provide technology transfer.
Robert在前面的談判最後提出簽約十年的要求，Kevin會不會答應呢?如果答案是否決的話，Robert又有何打算?他一心爲公司的利益打算，極力爭取技術轉移地協定，而對方會甘心出讓此項比金錢更珍貴的資產嗎?請看以下分解：
K: We can't sign any commitment for ten years. But if your production quality is good after the first year, we could extend the contract and increase our yearly purchase.
R: That sounds reasonable. But could you shed some light on(透露)the size of your orders?
K: If we are happy with your quality, we might increase our purchase to 100,000 a year, for a two-year period.
R: Excuse me, Mr. Hughes, but it seems to me we're giving up too much in this case. We'd be giving up the five-year guarantee for increased yearly sales.
K: Mr. Liu, you've got to give up something to get something.
R: If you're asking us to take such a large gamble(冒險)for just two year's sales, I'm sorry, but you're not in our ballpark(接受的範圍).
K: What would it take to keep Pacer interested?
R: A three-year guarantee, not two. And a qualilty inspection(質量檢查)tour after one year is fine, but we'd like some of our personnel on the team.
K: Acceptable. Anything else?
R: We'd be making huge capital outlay(資本支出)for the production process, so we'd like to set up a technology transfer agreement, to help us get off the ground(取得初步進步). Robert在前面的談判最後提出簽約十年的要求，Kevin會不會答應呢?如果答案是否決的話，Robert又有何打算?他一心爲公司的利益打算，極力爭取技術轉移地協定，而對方會甘心出讓此項比金錢更珍貴的資產嗎?請看以下分解：
K: We can't sign any commitment for ten years. But if your production quality is good after the first year, we could extend the contract and increase our yearly purchase.
R: That sounds reasonable. But could you shed some light on(透露)the size of your orders?
K: If we are happy with your quality, we might increase our purchase to 100,000 a year, for a two-year period.
R: Excuse me, Mr. Hughes, but it seems to me we're giving up too much in this case. We'd be giving up the five-year guarantee for increased yearly sales.
K: Mr. Liu, you've got to give up something to get something.
R: If you're asking us to take such a large gamble(冒險)for just two year's sales, I'm sorry, but you're not in our ballpark(接受的範圍).
K: What would it take to keep Pacer interested?
R: A three-year guarantee, not two. And a qualilty inspection(質量檢查)tour after one year is fine, but we'd like some of our personnel on the team.
K: Acceptable. Anything else?
R: We'd be making huge capital outlay(資本支出)for the production process, so we'd like to set up a technology transfer agreement, to help us get off the ground(取得初步進步).
2001年11月19日 上午11時57分26秒 行至此處，談判都還算是在和諧的氣氛下進行，雙方各自尋求獲利的方案。但針對技術轉移這一項，Robert所提的保證和要求能否消弭Kevin心中的`顧慮，而今此談判終露曙光呢?以下對話即爲您揭曉：
K: If we transferred our technical and research expertise(技術與研究的專業知識), what would stop you from making th esame product?
R: We'd be willing to sign a commitment. We'll put it in writing (書面保證)that we won't copycat(仿冒)the Sports Cast within five years after ending our contract.
K: Sounds O.K., if it's for any "similar" product. That would give us better protection. But K: Sounds O.K., if it's for any "similar" product. That would give us better protection. But we'd have to interest on a ten year limit.
R: Fine. We have no intention of becoming your competitor.
K: Great. Then let's settle the details of the transfer agreement.
R: We'll need you to send over some key personnel to help us purchase the equipment and train our technical people. How long do you anticipate that will take?
K: A week to put the team together, three weeks to train your people. If so, when do you estimate starting production?
R: Our first production run(一批的生產)should be one week after our team finishes its training. But I'd like your team to stay a full week after that, to handle any kitches that pop up(處理突發的事件).
K: Can do. Everything seems to be set, Robert. I'll bring in a sample contract tomorrow. If you like, we can sign it then. Botany Bay是家生產高科技醫療用品的公司。其產品“病例磁盤”可儲存個人病例;資料取用方便，真是達到“一盤在手，妙用無窮”的目的。此產品可廣泛使用於醫院、養老院、學校等。因此Pacer有意爭取該產品軟硬件設備的代理權。以下就是Robert與Botany Bay的代表，Mark Davis，首度會面的情形： M: Mr. Liu, total sales onthe Medic-Disk were U.S.$ 100,000 last year, through our agent in Hong Kong.
R: Our research shows most of your sales, are made in the Taipei area. Your agent has only been able to target the Taipei market(把……作爲目標市場).
M: True, but we are happy with the sales. It's a new product. How could you do better?
R: We're already well-established in the medical products business. The Medic-Disk would be a good addition to our product range.
M: Can you tell me what your sales have been like in past years?
R: In the past three years, our unit sales have gone up by 350 percent; profits have gone up almost 400 percent.
M: What kind of distribution capabilities(分銷能力)do you have?
R: We have salespeople in four major areas around the island, selling directly to customers.M: What about your sales?
R: In terms of unit sales, 55 percent are still from the Taipei area. The rest comes from the Kaohsiung, Taichung, and Tainan areas. That's a great deal of untapped market potential(未開發的市場潛力), Mr. Davis. 商務談判實例(八)
2001年12月4日 上午11時50分24秒 Robert說明Pacer在行銷與技術上的基礎後，終於取信了Mark, 也爲此談判邁開成功的第一步。在談判佣金魚合約期限這類議題之前，Robert想先確定一些條件，包括獨家代理權與Botany Bay所能提供的協助。你知道Robert運用了哪些技巧，纔不會讓Mark以此作條件來威脅Pacer讓步?我們看看Robert怎麼說：
M: Mr. Liu, what kinds of sales do you think you could get?
R: Well, to begin with, we'd have to insist on sole agency in Taiwan. We believe we could spike(激增) sales by 30% to 40% in the first year. But certain conditions would have to be met.
M: What kinds of conditions?
R: We'd need your full technical and marketing support.
M: Could you explain what you mean by that?
R: We'd like you to give training to our technical staff; we'd also like you to pay a fee for after-sales service.
M: It's no problem with the training. As for service support, we usually pay a yearly fee, pegged to(根據)total sales.
R: Sounds OK, if we can come to terms(達成協定) on how much is fair. As for marketing support, we would like you to assume 50% of all costs.
M: We'd prefer 40%. Many customers learn about our products through international magazines, trade shows, and so on. We pick up the tab(付款)for that, but you get the sales in Taiwan.
R: We'll think about it, and talk more tomorrow.
M: Fine. We'd like you to tell us about your marketing plans.