發展軟件產業對優化我國產業結構、提高經濟運行質量具有極其重要的作用。2000年，國務院出臺第18號文《鼓勵軟件產業和集成電路產業發展若干政策》和47號文《振興軟件產業行動綱要》中，明確提出要優先發展軟件產業，“力爭到2010年我國軟件產業研究開發和生產能力達到或接近國際先進水平”。這些政策的出臺，極大地調動了各方面的積極性，我國的軟件產業因此步入了發展的快車道。
作爲長江三角洲地區的重要城市，上海有着得天獨厚的地理位置和發達的經濟條件，以浦東軟件園爲核心的上海的軟件產業近年來有很大的發展，形成了一定規模的產業集羣。截至2005年上半年，上海軟件企業總數已達1400多家，涌現一批本土各具特色的軟件企業。上海市2006年軟件業收入616億元，居全國首位，從2001年開始連續5年保持50%以上的增長率，這在全國範圍內是獨一無二的。
本文以產業集羣理論爲基礎，利用了實證分析、理論分析、對比分析等方法，結合大量的數據、圖表，對上海軟件產業現狀、存在問題及發展策略進行了研究。本論文界定了軟件產業內涵，闡述了軟件產業不同於傳統產業的特徵、演進階段。並將上海與北京的軟件產業進行多方位的比較，對上海市軟件產業當前發展中存在的制約因素進行透視和分析，提出了優化軟件產業基地建設，推動區域軟件產業集羣發展、抓好出口和國內軟件市場，做大上海的軟件產業羣、建立和拓展創新的人才培養體系、積極促進軟件質量管理標準化、國際化等發展策略。
ABSTRACT
Since the 1980's, information industry has become strategically fundamental in developed countries as well as in the global economy. It isnow an important symbol of the comprehensive national strength. As thekey and soul part of information technology, software industry takes anessential role in the new economy. It turns out to be the key of scientific and technology contests among different countries is tightly connected with national safety concerning politics, economy and society. In China, the development of software industry has an important impact on the optimization of industry configuration and improvement of economy operation of China. It is indicated in 2000 by Document #18 (Several Policies Encouraging Software Industry and IC Industry) and Document #47 (Compendium of Promoting Software Industry) of State Department that the software industry should had a high priority for development, and that "great efforts will be taken to make the R&D and productivity of our software industry reach or be close to the top level of the world." Those policies as a great encouragement thus lead to the
speed-up of the software industry in China.
As an important metropolitan in the Yangtze Delta, Shanghai is advantageous in its geographic location and economic conditions. The software industry in Shanghai, with PuDong Software Park as its kernel,has made great progress in the recent years, and industry clusters form into being. In July 2005, there were more than 1400 software ventures in Shanghai, some of which were local ventures and had their particular characteristics. In 2006, the revenue of software industry in Shanghai reached 61.6 billion RMB and gained the top position in China, and maintained a stea increasing rate over 50% from 2001 to 2006, which was unique in China.
This paper presents the status quo of software industry in Shanghai and the research work is based on the Industry Cluster theory. Different methods including demonstrational analysis, theoretical analysis and antitheses analysis are performed and lots of data and charts are used. In the paper, the essence of software industry is extracted and studied. The features and evolution of software industry which are quite different from those of traditional industries are presented. A comparison of the software industry in Shanghai and that in Beijing is made. The cause and current status of software industry cluster in Shanghai are analyzed, and the factors and key problems blocking the development are pointed out and studied intensively.
目錄
第一章緒論.................................................................. 1
第一節課題背景和意義..................................................3
一、研究背景...........................................................3
二、研究意義...........................................................4
第二節國內外軟件產業的研究現狀.............................................. 4
一、國外有關軟件產業的研究現狀.........................................4
二、國內有關軟件產業的研究現狀.........................................5
第三節論文主要內容及研究方法................................................ 8
第二章相關理論評述.......................................................... 9
第一節產業集羣化現象及理論................................................. 10
一、產業集羣現象......................................................10
二、產業集羣理論......................................................11
第二節產業集羣發展中的公共政策選擇......................................... 13
第三節產業集羣化的演進階段................................................. 15
一、企業由分散的空問佈局走向集中......................................15
二、集聚的企業在產業的層面上形成了分工和分包..........................15
第四節軟件產業的界定與特性分析............................................. 16
一、軟件產業的.界定....................................................16
二、軟件產業的特徵....................................................17
第三章上海市軟件產業現狀................................................... 19
第一節我國軟件產業發展的總體情況........................................... 19
一、我國軟件產業的發展階段............................................19
二、我國軟件產業發展的現狀......................... ...................20
第二節上海市軟件產業總體情況............................................... 21
一、上海軟件產業發展的環境分析........................................21
二、上海軟件產業現狀..................................................26
第四章上海軟件產業存在的主要問題........................................... 33
第一節上海日益高昂的商務成本、人民幣升值的影響............................. 33
第二節上海軟件產業的規模困境............................................... 35
第三節上海的軟件產業處於全球產業鏈低端，價值創造有限 ....................... 36
第五章上海軟件產業發展策略研究............................................. 38
第一節優化軟件產業基地建設，推動區域軟件產業集羣發展....................... 38
第二節抓好出口和國內軟件市場，做大上海的軟件產業羣......................... 39
第三節建立和拓展創新的人才培養體系......................................... 41
第四節積極促進軟件質量管理標準化、國際化................................... 42
第五節構建和諧的法律環境，保護軟件產業的知識產權........................... 43
參考文獻...........................................................44