The Warning of Nineteen Eighty-Four: The Departed Sprit under the Totalitarian Society
Abstract
George Orwell (1903-1950), a famous British novelist, was regarded as one of the three foremost political writers in the 20th century. The Nineteen Eighty-Four is one of his best works. The book tells the story of Winston Smith and his attempts to rebel against the totalitarian state in which he lives. This thesis is about how George Orwell warns readers about the dangers of totalitarianism in his novel 1984. The first part, we are taken to a society that is governed by an oppressive force known as "The Party," and an intangible ruler known only as "Big Brother.” The second part, concentrates on the main character, Winston Smith who spends his time throughout the novel trying to overthrow The Party and Big Brother. At last, Winston fails in his attempts. He is captured, betrayed by people whom he believed to be on his side, and is later brainwashed into loving and following Big Brother. The last part sums up the significance of writing this novel.
Key Words: totalitarianism; Winston Smith; humanist; tragedy; warning
摘 要
喬治•奧威爾的傳世之作《1984年》是1部政治諷喻小說。該書講述的是主人公溫斯頓•史密斯在極權主義統治下以各種方式極力反抗“老大哥”的故事。本論文通過對書中人物的分析揭示其極權主義下人們悲慘命運從而達到警示人們的主題。論文分爲3部分。第1部分對極權主義社會形態的簡介,分別從極權主義對人們思想的控制和性慾的禁錮兩方面闡述。第2部分是文章的主體，該部分以人物的`生活條件和思想行動爲主線，引申出在極權主義下，英雄的命運註定是失敗。第3部分則是對小說寫作意義的總結，分別從小說情節和作者寫作意圖兩方面論述極權主義對人們的警示。
關鍵詞：極權主義、溫斯頓•史密斯、人文主義者、悲劇、警示