if引導的虛擬條件句的用法

學識都 人氣:2.9W

虛擬條件句是指不能實現或純假想的情況,可以對過去、現在或將來進行假想。我們可以記住這樣一個原則,即把時態向過去推一格。接下來由小編爲大家整理出if引導的虛擬條件句的用法,僅供參考,希望能夠幫助到大家!

if引導的虛擬條件句的用法

一、分清是虛擬語氣還是真實語氣

所謂虛擬語氣,表示動作或狀態,不是客觀存在的事實,而是說話人的主觀願望、假設或推測。

遇到if引導的條件狀語從句,首先,你應分清是真實條件句還是虛擬條件句。如果假設的情況是有可能發生的,就是真實條件句;如果假設的情況是過去或現在都不存在的,或將來也不大可能發生的,則是虛擬條件句。如:

it is fine tomorrow , I’ll go outing .(真實條件句)

you had come here yesterday , you would have seen him.(虛擬條件句)

二、分清虛擬的具體時間

對於if引導的虛擬條件句,結構比較複雜,主、從句,都得用虛擬,所以針對不同的句子,首先,你應根據主、從句判斷是對何種時間的虛擬,即:現在、過去、還是將來,然後針對不同的時間,主、從句的謂語動詞,用與之相對應的形式。爲了掌握不同時間的虛擬,請大家掌握下面的表格

動詞形式

時間 從句 主句

與現在事實相反 動詞過去式(be的過去式一般用were) Would

Should +動詞原形

Could

might

與過去事實相反 Had+過去分詞 Would

Should +have+過去分詞

Could

might

與將來事實可能相反 動詞過去式/should+動詞原形 Were to +動詞原形 Would

Should

Could +動詞原形

might

e.g.1. 現在:If I were you,I should tell him the news.

2.過去:If I had had the money last week, I should have bought a car.

3.將來:If it were Sunday tomorrow,I should go to see my grandfather.

三、混合虛擬條件句

有時主從句時間不一致,針對這種情況主從句謂語動詞應各按各的的情況,如:

you had listened to the doctor ,you would be all right now.(從句是對過去的.虛擬,主句是對現在的虛擬)

you had practiced speaking English more, you would be able to speak it fluently.(從句是對過去的虛擬,主句是對現在的虛擬)

四、省略if的虛擬條件句

在if引導的虛擬條件句中,如果從句中有were,had 或should,可以省略if,把這幾個詞放在主語之前,構成主謂倒裝。(注意;省略連詞if的倒裝形式,其句首不能用助動詞的縮略否定形式)

I you ,I Would not help him.

it not for you ,I would go to Beijing.(此句中not不前移。不能說Were not it for you ,I would go to Beijing.)

ld it rain ,the crops would be saved.

he been here , everything would have been all right.

總之,if引導的虛擬條件句是一個重點也是一個難點,需要多做練習才能加以鞏固,熟練掌握。