人郵第二輯真題TEST 3 READING PART 2
REAL TRAINING FOR ALL-ACTION MANAGER
Learning by doing is familiar to every manager sent on a training course. Invariably this involves role-play based on studies of long-ago triumphs and disasters from a relevant industry ororganization. (8)____ The problem is, any experience of decision-making gained from role-play has one obvious shortcoming: it is not real life.
To tackle this dilemma, some of the best-known companies have set up the International Management Development Consortium, which provides a range of executive development programmes for staff members. (9)____ What this means is that they involve ‘action learning’ through real-life situations, and participants work as problem-solving consultants on projects within companies engaged in day-to-day business.
(10)____ Within this they also take training and refresher courses in traditional business skills such as finance, marketing, staff management and strategic planning. These disciplines are taught by a mix of academics, business people and senior managers from Consortium companies who also monitor the consultancy work.
More than 100 of these consultancy projects have been undertaken so far, and many more are to come. (11)____ Generally, those who choose to attend the course come from various countries, reflecting the multi-national nature of companies within the Consortium. (12)____ As a result of this cross-cultural exchange, the people on the course learn a great deal from each other- and often keep in contact on a professional level long after the end of their course.
The Consortium says language difficulties are not a problem when consultancies are undertaken for foreign companies on site. A translator is on hand to deal with difficulties which arise from technical terms or jargon.
(13)____ This is because they are not charged consultancy fees, although a nominal sum is payable for administration. The funding for the scheme is provided by each Consortium member who contributes to the cost of running the training courses, and the amount involved is considerably less than fees charged by leading business schools. (14)____ ‘it is,’ says the Chairman, ‘a real learning experience with techniques that can easily be used back at work..’
A They are being offered by companies who are aware of the benefits of the range of knowledge offered by the people on the course.
B As well as the savings, there are also the dividends it pays in the form of improved staff performance.
C The difference between these programmes and the average executive course, however, is that these courses are based on the concept of ‘live’consultancy.
D In this way, participants can also benchmark themselves against the best members from a range of Consortium companies.
E This means that within every training group there will be awide variety of experience, which is discussed and explored by the group.
F Typically, groups of up to six course members undertake projects as part of this development programme.
G Another major advantage is that these companies usually get their problems solved very cheaply.
H Managers are typically cast as key figures in these dramas, the comparisons are made later between how they dealt with the fictional situation and the actual event.
Real training，關於培訓的。傳統的培訓都是紙上談兵，現在有了real training，可以實戰。高級第二部分相對中級，文章難度大一些，答案信號也不那麼明顯了。
第九題，這段說建立了一個管理髮展協會，提供一系列培訓計劃。第九空後面的信息很重要：What this means is that they involve ‘action learning’through real-life situations。這意味着他們包括“action learning”，實際行動的學習。從這個句子中的what可以看出前面空格講的是這個協會所提供的這一系列培訓計劃的特點，提供實際的演練。C選項最符合這一特點：這些課程是建立在實踐諮詢（live consultancy）的基礎上的。
第十題，第三段開頭的一個句子，第十空的後面說Within this they also take training and refresher courses in traditional business skills，這裏的within this很重要，從中可以看出第十空還是對這個training的內容的介紹。F符合這個條件：每個成員都要負責一定的項目，作爲發展計劃的一部分。Undertake projects，是培訓的一部分，後面接着說培訓的另外內容：also take training and refresher courses。前後文可以銜接上。
第十一題，開頭一句話說一共有超過100個諮詢項目被承接了，還有更多的在後面。這個題目比較明顯，既然提到了被承接的項目，後面很自然會接着對這個項目的一些情況作介紹，好比項目的來源、特點等等。如果選項中沒有符合這一條件的，就再參考後文。提供的選項中A是非常吻合的：它們都是被一些公司提供的。
第十二題，插在一段文字的中間，不上不下的。前面說的是選擇了這些課程的人來自不同的國家（come from various countries），體現了跨國公司的'性質。12空空格的後面說通過這種跨文化的交流（cross-culture exchange），參加這個課程的人可以互相學習。從後面的as a result of可以看出，前面12空講的是參加這個課程的人相互交流、溝通的情況（cross-culture exchange）。所以選E：每個培訓小組裏都有被討論和被探索的種類繁多的經驗（a wide variety of experience）。
第十三題，最後一段，是具體講的這個training的所有優點，包括很方便的解決語言障礙、便宜、有紅利。第一句話說language difficulties不是個問題。後面接着說的是原因：有個翻譯在手邊。（A translator is on hand），13空的後面說他們不收取諮詢費用，有個this is because是答案的信號，13空的內容肯定和不收費相關。G選項最符合這個條件：這個公司能夠讓這些問題很便宜的得到解決。Another major advantage是接着前面的翻譯在手邊所說的關於這個training的另外一個優勢，cheaply則和後面的不收費相對應。
第十四題，這一空前面是在講述這種培訓的第二個優勢(advantage)，就是便宜。然後接着闡述了下便宜的原因。這一段的最後一句，也就是這一空的後面是全文的一個總結性的句子：這是一個真正的學習經歷，學到的東西可以很容易的用回到實際工作中。那麼綜合整段的內容，14空內容應該是緊跟着上文接着說這個training有什麼優點。B符合這個條件。首先B的as well as the saving，是指的上面說的便宜，便宜纔能有saving。然後提到這種training的另一個優勢，就是有紅利（dividends）。