中考閱讀理解既考查考生對文章字面意思的理解能力，又考查考生對文章寓意的理解能力，包括對文章中敘述的'具體事實的理解能力(如時間、地點、人物、事件等)，根據上下文對某些詞義、句義的推斷理解能力以及對文章的主旨大意、作者觀點、態度的理解及邏輯推理和判斷能力。
A
Science fiction is a popular kind of writing, and many people think of Jules Verne as the father of science fiction. He was born in France in 1828. His father wanted him to become a lawyer, but from his early 20s Verne decided to become a writer. At first he wrote plays for the theater. Then, in 1863, he wrote a story called Five Weeks in a Balloon. The success of this book encouraged him to write more stories such as A Journey to the Center of the Earth (1864) and From the Earth to the Moon (1865).
In the 19th century, many people were interested in science and inventions. Jules Verne wrote about scientific subjects in his stories and, as a result, they were very popular. Verne’s writing included many predictions (預言) for the 20th century and many of them came true. He described space flight, movies, and air conditioning, a long time before they appeared. These books were very successful and they made Verne rich.
Jules Verne’s books have been the subjects for many movies. 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea was a successful movie for Walt Disney. It was the first Disney movie to use real actors instead of cartoon drawings. Around the World in Eighty Days is another famous movie based on one of Verne’s books. The main character is an Englishman called Phileas Fogg. For him, the most important thing is to be always on time! (2008南京市)
( ) 1. What does the phrase “the father of science fiction” mean?
A. The father who has several children.
B. The man who loves science and inventions.
C. The writer whose father wrote science fiction.
D. The man who first started writing science fiction successfully.
( ) 2. What encouraged Jules Verne to write more stories?
A. The plays he wrote for the theater.
B. The encouragement from his father.
C. The success of Five Weeks in a Balloon.
D. The scientific subjects in his stories.
( ) 3. Why were Jules Verne’s books very popular in the19th century?
A. Because his books made him rich and famous.
B. Because he wrote many plays for the theater at that time.
C. Because his books have been the subjects for many movies.
D. Because many people were interested in science and inventions.
( ) 4. Which of the following has the main character called Phileas Fogg?
A. Five Weeks in a Balloon.
B. Around the World in Eighty Days.
C. A Journey to the Center of the Earth.
D. From the Earth to the Moon.
( ) 5. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Jules Verne only wrote plays in the 19th century.
B. Many of the predictions in Verne’s stories came true.
C. The main characters in Verne’s books are always on time.
D. The space flight Verne described was different from others.
本篇介紹“科幻之父”及其成就。
1. D。此題考查學生對“科幻之父”的理解。此處father指的是在某領域的創始人，故選D。
2. C。細節理解。根據文章第一段第五句和第六句。
3. D。細節理解題。根據第二段的第一、二句。
4. B。細節理解。根據文章最後一節中Around the World in Eighty Days is another famous movie... The main character is an Englishman called Phileas Fogg。
5. B。選項A說Jules Verne在19世紀只寫劇本，而根據第一段第五句中“wrote a story”知該項不對;文章最後兩句只提到Phileas Fogg需要很準時，所以C不對;對於選項D文章沒提及;由第二段倒數第三句可知B正確。
B
The tradition of birthday parties started a long time ago. There are some traditions that you can find almost anywhere, anytime, such as sending birthday cards, blowing out the candles on a birthday cake and singing the Happy Birthday song. Others are only found for certain ages and in certain countries.
In China, on a child’s second birthday, family members put many things on the floor around the child. According to Chinese tradition, the first thing that the child picks up tells you what profession the child will choose later in life.
For Japanese children, the third, fifth and seventh birthdays are especially important. At this age, there is a special celebration Shichi-Go-San (seven, five, three in Japanese) when children go to the temple wearing a new kimono (和服). The priest (僧侶) gives them special sweets, and the parents usually organize a party for their friends in their home.
In Argentina, Mexico and several other Latin American countries, girls have a special birthday celebration when they reach the age of fifteen. After a special ceremony (儀式), the girls dance a waltz with their father and other boys.
Eighteen is the traditional “coming of age”, the age when (in many countries) you have the right to vote (選舉), join the army and (in Britain) drink alcohol or buy a house.
In many English-speaking countries, a twenty-first birthday cake often has a key on top, or the cake itself is sometimes in the shape of a key. The key means that the young person is now old enough to leave and enter the family home at any time they want to!(2008上海市)
( ) 1. Which of the following birthday traditions can be found almost anywhere, anytime?
A. Putting many things on the floor.
B. Wearing a new kimono.
C. Dancing a waltz.
D. Sending birthday cards.
( ) 2. The ______ usually organize a party at children’s special birthday celebration in Japan.
A. priests B. parents
C. friends D. relatives
( ) 3. Mexican girls have a special birthday celebration at the age of _____.
A. five B. seven
C. fifteen D. twenty-one
( ) 4. In many countries you can _____ when you reach the age of eighteen.