1. 表時間
Seeing the cat， the mouse ran off. 見到貓，老鼠就跑了。
The work finished， he went home. 工作做完後，他就回家了。
2. 表原因
Being very weak， she couldn‘t move. 她由於身體虛弱而不能行動。
His car broken down， he had to walk. 他的'車壞了，所以只好走路。
3. 表條件
United， we stand； divided， we fall. 團結則存，分裂則亡。
Given more time， we could have done it better. 如果多給點時間，我們可以做得更好。
Working hard， you will succeed. 如果努力工作，你就可以成功。
Adding them all up， we can find the answer. 如果把它們加起來，我們就可以得到答案。
4. 表讓步
Although living miles away， he attended the course. 雖然住在幾英里以外，他仍去上課。
Defeated， he remained a popular boxer. 雖然被擊敗了，他仍是一個受歡迎的拳擊手。
5. 表方式
He earns a living driving a truck. 他靠開卡車謀取生。
I’m returning you letter as requested. 我按要求給你退信。
6. 表伴隨
He sat in the chair reading newspapers. 他坐在椅子上看報。
Don‘t you sit there doing nothing. 別什麼也不幹坐在那裏。
He came in， followed by his wife. 他走了進來，後面跟着他的妻子。
7. 表結果
He fired， killing one of the passers-by. 他開槍了，打死了一個過路人。
He died， leaving his wife with five children. 他死了，留下他妻子和五個兒子。
It rained and rained， vehicles bogged and bridges washed out. 雨不停地下，車輛陷入泥 沼，橋樑被水衝去。