引導語：專四專八英語中19種修辭及例句，由小編爲你整理而成，希望能給大家帶來幫助，謝謝您的閱讀。
一、Metonymy 借喻,轉喻
借喻不直接說出所要說的事物,而使用另一個與之相關的事物名稱.
I.以容器代替內容,例如:
kettle boils. 水開了.
room sat silent. 全屋人安靜地坐着.
II.以資料.工具代替事物的名稱,例如:
Lend me your ears, please. 請聽我說.
III.以作者代替作品,例如:
a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亞全集
VI.以具體事物代替抽象概念,例如:
I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力氣,他們就用我的力氣賺錢.
二、Simile 明喻
明喻是將具有共性的不同事物作對比.這種共性存在於人們的心裏,而不是事物的自然屬性.
標誌詞常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.
例如:
was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.
2.I wandered lonely as a cloud.
tein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.
三、Metaphor 隱喻,暗喻
隱喻是簡縮了的明喻,是將某一事物的名稱用於另一事物,通過比較形成.
例如:
is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.
books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.
四、Oxymoron 反意法,逆喻
這也是一種矛盾修辭法,用兩種不相調和的特徵形容一個事物,以不協調的搭配使讀者領悟句中微妙的含義.
例如:
light, but rather darkness visible.沒有光亮，黑暗卻清晰可見
state of this house is cheerless welcome.
五、Climax 漸進法,層進法
這種修辭是將一系列詞語按照意念的大小.輕重.深淺.高低等逐層漸進,最後達到頂點.可以增強語勢,逐漸加深讀者印象.
例如:
1.I am sorry, I am so sorry, I am so extremely sorry.
had not seen nor ear heard, and nothing had touched his heart of stone.
六、Anticlimax 漸降法
與climax相反的一種修辭法,將一系列詞語由大到小,由強到弱地排列.
例如:
his breast he wears his decorations, at his side a sword, on his feet a pair of boots.
duties of a soldier are to protect his country and peel potatoes.
七、Hyperbole 誇張
誇張是以言過其實的說法表達強調的目的.它可以加強語勢,增加表達效果..
例如:
1.I beg a thousand pardons.
you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars.
she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out.
八、Parallelism 排比, 平行
這種修辭法是把兩個或兩個以上的結構大體相同或相似,意思相關,語氣一致的短語.句子排列成串,形成一個整體.
例如:
one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral; no one can be perfectly happy till all are happy.
the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon you and yours, to the last of your bad race, to answer for them. In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon your brother, the worst of your bad race, to answer for them separately.
九、Euphemism 委婉,婉辭法
婉辭法指用委婉,文雅的方法表達粗惡,避諱的話.
例如:
is out visiting the necessary. 他出去方便一下.
relation with his wife has not been fortunate. 他與妻子關係不融洽.
Xiaoping passed away in 1997. (去世)
十、gory 諷喻,比方(原意“寓言”)
建立在假借過去或別處的事例與對象之上，傳達暗示，影射或者譏諷現世各種現象的含義。
英文解釋：an expressive style that uses fictional characters and events to describe some subject by suggestive resemblances; an extended metaphor 摘自英語專業《大學英語教程》一書
這是一種源於希臘文的修辭法,意爲"換個方式的說法".它是一種形象的描述,具有雙重性,表層含義與真正意味的是兩回事.
例如:
the hay while the sun shines.
表層含義：趁着出太陽的時候曬草
真正意味：趁熱打鐵
time to turn plough into sword.
表層含義：是時候把犁變成劍
十一、Irony 反語
反語指用相反意義的詞來表達意思的作文方式.如在指責過失.錯誤時,用贊同過失的說法,而在表揚時,則近乎責難的說法.
例如:
would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning.
早上沒有時間觀念還真是一件好事啊(真實含義是應該明確早上的時間觀念)
2."Of course, you only carry large notes, no small change on you. "the waiter said to the beggar.
十二、Pun 雙關
雙關就是用一個詞在句子中的雙重含義,借題發揮.作出多種解釋,旁敲側擊,從而達到意想不到的幽默.滑稽效果.它主要以相似的詞形.詞意和諧音的方式出現.